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telescoping series : ウィキペディア英語版
telescoping series
In mathematics, a telescoping series is a series whose partial sums eventually only have a fixed number of terms after cancellation.〔Tom M. Apostol, ''Calculus, Volume 1,'' Blaisdell Publishing Company, 1962, pages 422–3〕〔Brian S. Thomson and Andrew M. Bruckner, ''Elementary Real Analysis, Second Edition'', CreateSpace, 2008, page 85〕 Such a technique is also known as the method of differences.
For example, the series
:\sum_^\infty\frac
(the series of reciprocals of pronic numbers) simplifies as
:\begin
\sum_^\infty \frac & - \frac \right) \\
\sum_^N \left( \frac - \frac \right) \\
\left\lbrack \right) + \left(\frac - \frac\right) + \cdots + \left(\frac - \frac\right) } \right\rbrack \\
\left\lbrack + \frac\right) + \left( - \frac + \frac\right) + \cdots + \left( - \frac + \frac\right) - \frac } \right\rbrack \\
\left\lbrack } \right\rbrack = 1.
\end
==In general==
Let a_n be a sequence of numbers. Then,
:\sum_^N \left(a_n - a_\right) = a_N - a_,
and, if a_n \rightarrow 0
:\sum_^\infty \left(a_n - a_\right) = - a_.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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